Iby’ingenzi wamenya ku misemburo, hormones, ibinyabutabire bitanga amabwiriza y’ingenzi ku mikorere y’umubiri

Imisemburo (hormones) ni ibinyabutabire bikorerwa mu mvubura z’umubiri ( glandes), bigakwirakwizwa mu maraso kugira ngo bigere ku bice bitandukanye by’umuniti.

Imisemburo ifite inshingano zo gutanga amabwiriza ku mikorere y’umubiri, nko kugenzura isukari mu maraso (blood sugar regulation), gukura (growth), cyangwa gutuma habaho imihindagurikire y’igihe cy’ubuzima (developmental changes).

Urugero rufatika ni insuline, hormone igenzura uko isukari ya glucose ikoreshwa n’utunyangingo.

Imisemburo rero ni nk’abayobozi batanga amabwiriza kugira ngo umubiri ukore neza.

Imikorere y’imisemburo

Imisemburo ikora nk’abayobozi b’itumanaho mu mubiri. Reka turebe inzira ikurikirana igikorwa cy’igenzura cyangwa cyo gutanga amabwiriza:

Intambwe ya mbere:
Uko imisemburo ikorwa

Umubiri wacu ufite ubwonko (brain) bukora nk’umuyobozi mukuru. Igice cy’ubwonko kitwa hypothalamus ni cyo gikorera nk’“umuyobozi” ugenzura ibibera mu mubiri. Iyo habaye impinduka — nko kuzamuka k’isukari mu maraso, guhinduka k’ubushyuhe, cyangwa stress — hypothalamus ibibona ikohereza ubutumwa.

Ubutumwa butangwa bugera kuri pituitary gland (bise master gland), iherereye mu gice cyo hasi cy’ubwonko, munsi y’ahantu hitwa hypothalamus.

Pituitary ni nk’umunyamabanga ukwirakwiza amabwiriza: iyo ibonye ubutumwa, ibwira izindi mvubura (glands) z’umubiri gukora imisemburo ikenewe.

Mu mvugo yoroshye:Hypothalamus ni umuyobozi mukuru ubona impinduka mu mubiri igatanga amabwiriza y’igikwiye gukorwa Pituitary gland iherereye munsi ya hypothalamus, yo ni umunyamabanga ukwirakwiza amabwiriza.

Izindi mvubura: Ni abakozi nyirizina bakora imisemburo.Urugero: iyo isukari mu maraso izamutse, hypothalamus ibibona → pituitary igatanga amabwiriza → pancreas ikora insuline kugira ngo igabanye isukari.

Icyitonderwa

Imisemburo (hormones) ikorwa n’imvubura z’umubiri, ariko si ngombwa ko hypothalamus itanga amabwiriza buri gihe. Hari imisemburo ihora mu bubiko (stored hormones), ikorwa mbere ikabikwa mu mvubura kugira ngo izakoreshwe igihe ikenewe.Urugero:Insuline ibikwa muri pancreas; iyo isukari mu maraso izamutse, pancreas ihita iyirekura mu maraso bitabaye ngombwa ko hypothalamus yohereza amabwiriza mashya.Adrenaline ibikwa mu adrenal glands, ikarekurwa vuba cyane mu gihe umuntu afite ubwoba cyangwa ari mu bihe bisaba kwitabara.Ibi bituma umubiri ushobora kwihutira gusubiza impinduka (response rapide) nko mu gihe cy’ubwoba, inzara, cyangwa stress, utarinze gutegereza amabwiriza mashya y’ubwonko.